Ephaptic signaling
Ephaptic coupling is a form of communication within the nervous system and is distinct from direct communication systems like electrical synapses and chemical synapses. It may refer to the coupling of adjacent (touching) nerve fibers caused by the exchange of ions between the cells, or it may refer to coupling of nerve fibers as a result of local electric fields. In either case ephaptic coupling can influence the synchronization and timing of action potential firing in neurons. Myelination is thought to inhibit ephaptic interactions.
from Wikipedia
化学シナプス(Chemical synapse)や電気シナプス(Electrical synapse)を介したシグナル伝達だけが全てではない。
脊椎、無脊椎動物ともにこの現象が確認されている
大脳皮質(Cortex)（ラット(rat) in vitro)
Ephaptic coupling of cortical neurons | nature (2011)
小脳(cerebellum)（マウス(mouse))
Ephaptic Coupling Promotes Synchronous Firing of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells | Neuron (2018)
嗅覚系(olfactory system)(ショウジョウバエ(fruit fly))
Non-synaptic inhibition between grouped neurons in an olfactory circuit | Nature (2012)
Naa_tsure.iconほぼ名前だけで機能に関する解説はなかったけど、一応カンデルにも載ってた